Muzeul Satului Bucuresti Bucuresti - Cazare lângă Muzeul Satului Bucuresti
Bucuresti, Municipiul Bucuresti
You first time in Romania? Want to know the specifics of this country?
Be welcome to the National Museum Village! Before the gate of the museum steps can imagine a house with wooden roof three times higher than the walls coated with straw, a peasant household as a fortified medieval castle or a wooden church with a tower 32 meters high?
Such construction, and many other unusual things can be discovered during a walking museum.
Habitat, the cradle of culture and civilization.
Traditional rural settlements bears the imprint of a natural nobility.They were keepers for centuries indigenous material and spiritual culture, those who took and integrated elements of indigenous culture, created, invented, were always adapted to the economic social and historical conditions.
In the rural areas have crystallized the various events that it has assimilated. In rural settlements is found clean air and clear water springs that come from the Carpathian Mountains.
Romania is rich and diverse landscape with its picturesque areas unusual: large plains, hills, vineyards and fruit trees, mountains covered with deciduous and coniferous forests and peaks seaworthy.The materials offered by nature people have raised various buildings, decorated with elegant shapes carved pillars, tall gates, impressive churches, exceptional value. Stone and wood, built Stane and shelter to animals.
Witness our ancestors manufacturers meet throughout Romania: Daco-Roman ruins, Greek, medieval or others, old only two or three centuries, located in villages and demonstrating continuity and put human footprint on nature.Open today across Europe through modernized communications, Romania is an attraction in its monuments inscribed in World Heritage by rural settlements with a particularly unique, the beauty of the Danube Delta, the richness of birds and wildlife.
Archaeological heritage, religious, architectural, artistic, technical, authentic folkloric events, the environment charming ambience, traditional crafts, everything still preserved in some villages in Romania.
Pleasure to visit at least some of these rural settlements, within hours, is impossible, it can be done by visiting the Dimitrie Gusti Village Museum in Bucharest.A circuit of two to six hours through the museum, allows groups or families to enjoy views of a traditional village with everything he had characteristic. Here you can travel from the mountains to the plains century. XVIII until dry. twentieth century, can perceive differences and similarities between ethnographic areas. At the end of the visit, you can go with the image of a vanished way of life and always live.
Human concern for building a shelter, a roof to protect it from weather or wild beasts, the most determined to find different solutions. Phase exceeding natural shelter caves, hollows, etc.. - Man first began to build huts, then homes.Concepts syntactic, semantic and programmatic formed within rural communities, depending on climatic conditions, geographic, historical and socio-economic. People were oriented materials intended to reach, constantly invented and perfected techniques and technologies, have humanized space.
Presentation representative monuments in the museum, points out that architecture is one of the most complex aspects of popular art. It illustrates the resourcefulness, concern for comfort, care for his point
Buildings in rural areas are, by nature organic. Centuries were among the materials used exclusively offered by the natural: wood, clay, stone, reed, straw, etc..Led to the use of their extensive knowledge of material properties, to improve techniques, to find the most diverse forms of use.
Vast forests, the impenetrable, described by chroniclers, which covers a large part of Romanian territory, offered residents plenty of construction materials, shelter in times of need, can keep warm and cook food. This explains why the craft of woodworking has established itself as one of the most important. Tools found in archaeological excavations from the Neolithic period, Bronze Age or Iron Age, shows that very old craft.Construction Engineering beams horizontally widespread in Romania, was known from pre-Roman period. Throughout the Middle Ages until dry. seventeenth century, wood was used widely in construction so modest, and to the monumental. The settlements of plain wood with clay is used as building material in various forms. Bras Nicolo Italian traveler, on his way to Anatolia (1633-1638), mentions in his travel notes that Moldova, homes made from earth and beams are combined with each other. In areas where stone was readily available, was used in combination with wood.Worldwide, only 8% of the land and the buildings are designed by architects, the rest is the result of an accumulation of human spiritual, transmitted over the centuries, expressed in specific forms, forming what we call today the traditional architecture.
Romania's position at the junction of three great empires: Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman, the crossroads of European cultures and large, favored the convergence of specific cultural traits. All these influences taken against a strong local tradition led to crystallize a unified and diverse concepts simultaneously.Household - the center of domestic life
Passing lanes Museum household consisting of home and economic construction, appears as a drive system perfectly integrated socially and spatially, on site and their lifestyle rural habitat.
As permanent residency to family, household revealed by how it is ordered, the peculiarities and specificity in relation to socio-natural in appearance, the National Museum of Village households socio-economic point of ownership, since community sociability unfolds according to its nature in the built environment of that habitat.In most parts of Romania, the courtyard is an open space the eyes of neighbors, but de facto banned foreigners without the consent of the owner. Only households in some villages in Transylvania and the fortified enclosure, comprising housing and economic building located near some other, surrounding a courtyard with high gate, composing a closing fortified exception.
Access is via the courtyard gate, which is the passage of the Community within the meaning of family space. In some areas - Maramures, Gorj, etc. Neamt. - Acting as a representative gate, being adorned with sculptures and columns along the upper beam.Since gates are aesthetically major works Romanian folk architecture. Their decoration is archaic origins, functions charm, whose meaning is lost in time, leaving the place of imagination. Some new gates are decorated with a lace of traforuri.
A household is a functional body that, with some buildings are home economics major occupations: measures to stored hay or straw, in which grain and shelter treerau cart and agricultural tools, cellar for wine barrels in areas orchards or vineyards, stables for livestock, saivane sheep, pig hutch, Patu or gabanase cereals.Dimensions, their location depends on the household-specific areas of cultural tradition. The National Village Museum are the most types of economic construction. Among the most interesting are: polygonal far from household Surdesti, colejna from BERBESTI-Maramures, chambers of Salciua-White and Naruja-Vrancea, Vaslui wine from his Courtiers
In organizing the household, was a vital source of river water, spring or fountain. In the villages of the plains, with groundwater at great depth, could well be used by several families, while the mountains almost every household had its own fountain.Twelve existing wells in the museum is different: with ghizduri a tree hollow or ring with stone planks. Remove water with a bucket or timber with a lever, sweep, or with a wheel spindle on which action is to wrap the rope or bucket chain. The strange horse is well, a collection of source guarded by two horizontal beams at the ends carved in the shape of horse head.
Water purifier as part of the village traditionally had an important role in the deployment of rituals related to birth, marriage or death. Wells were considered true and sacred sites had not polluted by an animal or a suicide.Construction of wells that could be used by anyone, at crossroads or in the border village in someone's memory or memory disappear forever in the future world was a common gesture in traditional village.
House family room
House is not just a shelter. Home runs in family life. Here parents and children are born live, here the most important events happen in a couple's life.
The place is built house should be chosen carefully: it is not clean that violent events occurred, to be near a water source, to be sheltered from the winds.
Start of construction is preceded by a series of acts of propitiere.For life to be happy in the house, it was important to make a sacrifice to the foundation. Depending on the place and era, a coconut is cut, blood flows into a chicken or a lamb. Prosperity, it was customary to bury some silver coins in the foundation.
In most cases, the spirit of community solidarity is manifested by the self-help organization of group work to build the house. Neighbors and relatives to participate crack, coordinated by craftsman and owner. Participants receive food and drink. On completion of roof structure, sits on the crest of a tree or a bouquet of flowers, a nice towel and a bottle of booze for craftsmen.The oldest houses, preserved until today, denied equal rights. seventeenth century. National Village Museum houses century can be seen. eighteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century.
The most popular architecture of the houses are arranged on one level and have developed horizontally. The plan includes the most common two or three rooms, which is in sec. nineteenth century at a rate of 86% of homes. Some regions are distinguished by the existence of houses with two levels, starting with the SEC. XIX. One of the oldest types is the house with kitchen, a patio that, along with feature porches throughout Romania, gives the building a distinctive note.Caring for the appearance of the house was a constant concern in the traditional village.
Wooden folk architecture, every detail of sculpture, each notch, are related to material surface and constructive position they were assigned. Rhythm, composition, ordering, cooperating together to achieve full decorations logic gate accumulated generations of artisans. Decoration is applied to the front of the house, on poles and foisoarelor prispelor in pediment, door and window frames. Structure and decoration firmly. Decor lives by entering the area where the groove, or if the surface that separates the sculpture.Background decor never annihilate not charged at the same time with him. Repertoire, rhythm, composition, depend on all the architectural, decorative concept is based on techniques used. Ornaments are found in more than 70% geometric and, more rarely, in some areas or to other ethnic groups appear zoomorphic and anthropomorphic.
Ensure privacy and family inside the house is organized according to the number of rooms, the social and material situation of the owner. It reflects a certain conception about the generally accepted community comfort, plus a certain concern for beauty and fantasy.Folk art in everyday life
Interior space that is how she has to arrange for distribution of furniture and household objects, unlike poultry and economic constructions considered a male space.
Entering a house, found the existence of three centers of gravity: corner fireplace or stove that provides heat, food preparation and opportunity in the past, even light source; corner arranged to rest in bed which is located near heat sources; corner with benches and table, above which are icons, a corner dedicated to hospitality.In connection with the position of interior equipment shelter is different mountain areas with cold climates than in warmer climates plain.
Each of these centers have a meaning. Place the hearth was a long time a sacred space, because purifying fire. Here was born female and certain rituals were held, bringing together family here around the table, the firelight women spin and hatched during the long winter nights. The fire was so precious that had not given the house.
Corner bed torque ensure privacy, and warmth, because many types of wool fabric used as bedding or wrapped.The bed might also be a place of representation, because of the many fabrics that are around him and chests with pile carpets and pillows arranged on top. In some villages in Transylvania, in homes with a dedicated guest room, a bed to meet and parades used exclusively for showing fabrics and cushions. In the most ancient, simple and functional furniture was working in the household or local artisans, consisting of benches placed around the room, often attached between beams or walls with a board composed of four legs stuck in the ground.Chests beautifully decorated with notches, as well as lockers for utensils were made of hewn planks, finished in wood and finger nails of one another, the tongue and groove. Over time, began to use mobiles worked dulghereste ended dovetail corners in plain or decorated by painting.
Small area of old houses led furniture layout around the walls, using beams of policies set at or above the benches craftsman.A bar mounted near the ceiling above the bed, serving in some areas initially dry clothes after the presentation of holiday costumes and various specific categories of textiles rugs, carpets, tablecloths, etc.. We note that a characteristic preference for the organization of secular decorative items character, carpets, ceramics, icons, in color strips, alternating with empty spaces white.Parallel manifest and certain regional preferences such as presentation icons painted friezes, glass and ceramic plates placed on cuniere long towels placed around the windows in Transylvania, alternating with rows of small towels laicerelor Vrancea, using large carpets in the right exhibiting beds and towels around the walls in the shape of butterflies south of the Carpathians.
Amazing wealth inside the house by occupying the walls, colorful fabrics, bedding, benches, tables, all made in the household. Chromatic harmony and create an impression of warm comfort and simplicity despite the small space furniture.Opening of the National Village Museum \ "Dimitrie Gusti \"
Monday between the hours:
9:00 to 4:00 p.m.
Tuesday - Sunday between the hours:
9:00 to 4:00 p.m. during November-April
9:00 to 7:00 p.m. during April-November
Entry fee:
- Adults: 5 RON (50.000 ROL);
- Pupils, students: 2.5 RON (25.000 ROL);
- Free for pensioners, preschool, persons with functional disabilities, veterans.
Price guide:
- Romanian: 20 RON (200.000 ROL);
- Foreign languages: 30 RON (300.000 ROL).
Shooting Fee: 10 RON (100.000 ROL).
Movie Fee: Video - 50 RON (500.000 ROL).Smoking is not allowed.
Pets are prohibited.
The entrance ticket is valid all day
For additional information call the Department of Cultural Programs, Marketing.
Muzeul Satului Bucuresti Bucuresti
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